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The journey of zinc from mine to dishwasher

METALS FOR EVERYDAY LIFE

ZINC

When the dishwasher is running at full speed after breakfast, zinc is perhaps not the first thing on your mind. But the metal is used to protect steel against rust and is therefore found in many household appliances and other products that need to withstand moisture over time. Zinc is also used in many other parts of society – from vehicles and buildings to bridges and wind turbines. With its protective properties, the metal plays an important role both in everyday life and in the transition to a more sustainable society. Here you can read more about how zinc is extracted, refined, and used.

How we find zinc

The extraction of zinc and other metals always begins with exploration. The work involves finding what are known as mineral deposits – areas in the bedrock with high concentrations of metals and minerals. In order to use resources and infrastructure as efficiently as possible, we often look for new deposits near existing mines. But finding the actual deposit is just the beginning of a long process. This is followed by test drilling, analyses, and permit reviews before the work of mining the ore can begin.

Zinc mining – How is it done?

Zinc is extracted from several of our own mines, including Garpenberg and Zinkgruvan in Sweden, Tara in Ireland, and Somincor in Portugal. Depending on the nature of the deposit, mining takes place either in open-pit operations above ground or in mines deep in the rock. To access the ore, holes are drilled and filled with explosives. Several of our mines use remote-controlled and automated machinery, which makes operations both safer and more efficient. Once the ore has been mined, it is transported for processing. At the concentrator plant, the ore is crushed and ground down into a fine material, so that the portions containing zinc can be separated from the rest of the rock. The result is a zinc concentrate that is sent on to the smelters.

Processing zinc – smelting & recycling

After concentration, the metal-rich material is transported to our smelters – primarily Kokkola in Finland and Odda in Norway. There, zinc is separated from other metals and refined through multiple stages. Since the ore contains several different metals, other valuable raw materials can also be recovered during the process. At our smelters, zinc is produced both from material from our own mines and from recycled raw materials. This reduces the need for new resources and makes it possible to produce zinc with a low climate impact. From there, zinc continues its journey into products that protect, reinforce, and extend the lifespan of the materials around us.

How zinc is used in everyday life

Zinc is rarely visible, but its protective properties are all around us. Through galvanisation, steel receives a protective layer of zinc that prevents rust and extends the lifespan of the material. This is why zinc is used in everything from buildings, bridges, and vehicles to wind turbines that need to withstand the elements for a long time. Zinc is also found in many household products, including dishwashers, refrigerators, and kitchen sinks. Thanks to its many applications, zinc is an important metal both in everyday life and in society's transition to a more sustainable future. But responsibility for zinc production does not end once the metal has been used.

Read more about zinc

By applying a thin layer of zinc to steel, you can prevent rusting for up to 100 years and extend the lifespan of steel constructions. This has a double impact as it reduces emissions of carbon dioxide while society's investments in infrastructure become more sustainable.

100 yrs

What happens to the mine afterwards?

When mining comes to an end, a new chapter begins for the mine site. The work of reclamation is planned before the mine is even put into operation, and aims to reduce environmental risks, restore the land, and create conditions for future use. Since every mine has its own unique conditions, the measures are tailored to the needs of each location. This might involve strengthening biodiversity, creating new habitats for plants and animals, or making the land suitable for other uses such as outdoor recreation or reindeer husbandry. In this way, our responsibility for the site continues long after the last ore has been mined.

Odda - the world's most climate-efficient zinc smelter

In recent years, Boliden has made extensive investments with the aim of nearly doubling zinc production from 200 ktonnes to 350 ktonnes. The expansion is Boliden's largest investment to be completed and one of Norway's largest industrial investments on the mainland ever.

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Contact

Boliden Head Office

Boliden Group
Klarabergsviadukten 90
P.O. Box 44, SE-101 20 Stockholm
Tel: + 46 8 610 15 00
Fax: + 46 8 654 80 90